• 0 Posts
  • 23 Comments
Joined 2 years ago
Cake day: December 9th, 2023
  • bitcrafter@programming.devtoLinux@lemmy.ml•How do you backup?
    1·
    7 months ago

    I created a script that I dropped into /etc/cron.hourly which does the following:

    1. Use rsync to mirror my root partition to a btrfs partition on another hard drive (which only updates modified files).
    2. Use btrfs subvolume snapshot to create a snapshot of that mirror (which only uses additional storage for modified files).
    3. Moves “old” snapshots into a trash directory so I can delete them later if I want to save space.

    It is as follows:

    #!/usr/bin/env python
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import os
import pathlib
import shutil
import subprocess
import sys

import portalocker

DATETIME_FORMAT = '%Y-%m-%d-%H%M'
BACKUP_DIRECTORY = pathlib.Path('/backups/internal')
MIRROR_DIRECTORY = BACKUP_DIRECTORY / 'mirror'
SNAPSHOT_DIRECTORY = BACKUP_DIRECTORY / 'snapshots'
TRASH_DIRECTORY = BACKUP_DIRECTORY / 'trash'

EXCLUDED = [
    '/backups',
    '/dev',
    '/media',
    '/lost+found',
    '/mnt',
    '/nix',
    '/proc',
    '/run',
    '/sys',
    '/tmp',
    '/var',

    '/home/*/.cache',
    '/home/*/.local/share/flatpak',
    '/home/*/.local/share/Trash',
    '/home/*/.steam',
    '/home/*/Downloads',
    '/home/*/Trash',
]

OPTIONS = [
    '-avAXH',
    '--delete',
    '--delete-excluded',
    '--numeric-ids',
    '--relative',
    '--progress',
]

def execute(command, *options):
    print('>', command, *options)
    subprocess.run((command,) + options).check_returncode()

execute(
    '/usr/bin/mount',
    '-o', 'rw,remount',
    BACKUP_DIRECTORY,
)

try:
    with portalocker.Lock(os.path.join(BACKUP_DIRECTORY,'lock')):
        execute(
            '/usr/bin/rsync',
            '/',
            MIRROR_DIRECTORY,
            *(
                OPTIONS
                +
                [f'--exclude={excluded_path}' for excluded_path in EXCLUDED]
            )
        )

        execute(
            '/usr/bin/btrfs',
            'subvolume',
            'snapshot',
            '-r',
            MIRROR_DIRECTORY,
            SNAPSHOT_DIRECTORY / datetime.now().strftime(DATETIME_FORMAT),
        )

        snapshot_datetimes = sorted(
            (
                datetime.strptime(filename, DATETIME_FORMAT)
                for filename in os.listdir(SNAPSHOT_DIRECTORY)
            ),
        )

        # Keep the last 24 hours of snapshot_datetimes
        one_day_ago = datetime.now() - timedelta(days=1)
        while snapshot_datetimes and snapshot_datetimes[-1] >= one_day_ago:
            snapshot_datetimes.pop()

        # Helper function for selecting all of the snapshot_datetimes for a given day/month
        def prune_all_with(get_metric):
            this = get_metric(snapshot_datetimes[-1])
            snapshot_datetimes.pop()
            while snapshot_datetimes and get_metric(snapshot_datetimes[-1]) == this:
                snapshot = SNAPSHOT_DIRECTORY / snapshot_datetimes[-1].strftime(DATETIME_FORMAT)
                snapshot_datetimes.pop()
                execute('/usr/bin/btrfs', 'property', 'set', '-ts', snapshot, 'ro', 'false')
                shutil.move(snapshot, TRASH_DIRECTORY)

        # Keep daily snapshot_datetimes for the last month
        last_daily_to_keep = datetime.now().date() - timedelta(days=30)
        while snapshot_datetimes and snapshot_datetimes[-1].date() >= last_daily_to_keep:
            prune_all_with(lambda x: x.date())

        # Keep weekly snapshot_datetimes for the last three month
        last_weekly_to_keep = datetime.now().date() - timedelta(days=90)
        while snapshot_datetimes and snapshot_datetimes[-1].date() >= last_weekly_to_keep:
            prune_all_with(lambda x: x.date().isocalendar().week)

        # Keep monthly snapshot_datetimes forever
        while snapshot_datetimes:
            prune_all_with(lambda x: x.date().month)
except portalocker.AlreadyLocked:
    sys.exit('Backup already in progress.')
finally:
    execute(
        '/usr/bin/mount',
        '-o', 'ro,remount',
        BACKUP_DIRECTORY,
    )
  • bitcrafter@programming.devtoGaming@lemmy.ml•Microsoft’s recent layoffs contradict what the company promised of its merger, the FTC says.English
    5·
    2 years ago

    Yes, of course they have complained to the courts. That’s not the point.

    That is moving the goalposts. In your other comment, you said, “What is the FTC going to do about it? Most likely do nothing, or issue a stern warning.” I have demonstrated that they are doing neither of these things but instead are going through the courts to get injunctive relief.

    This simply will go nowhere, or do you expect that the court will somehow separate Activision out of Microsofts hands again to fix this?

    If the appellate court decides that the lower court erred in its reasoning, then there is no reason why it could not issue such an order. It is not like this would be the first time that the government broke up a company.

    Or punish the managers at Microsoft and make them withdraw the execution plan to remove redundant jobs?

    There is no reason why the court could not issue an injunction preventing it from executing this plan until the proceeding concludes.

    At the end of it, Microsoft will eventually pay a small, symbolic sum which they consider “cost of conducting business”. Nothing more.

    If the FTC considered this to be a sufficient remedy then they probably would have settled with Microsoft by now rather than taking this to the courts.